Dispensing device and battery package

ABSTRACT

A fluid dispensing device, a battery package for a fluid dispensing device, and a method of assembling a fluid dispensing device. The dispensing device has a housing defining a passage having an outlet, and fluid being dispensed through the passage and out of the outlet. The dispensing device also has a powered component. The battery package has a battery cell and a capacitor operable to power the powered component. The battery cell and the capacitor are encapsulated as a unitary battery package. The unitary battery package is supportable in the housing.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims priority to co-pending U.S. ProvisionalPatent Application No. 61/719,287, filed Oct. 26, 2012, the entirecontents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD

The present invention relates to a dispensing device and a battery forpowering the dispensing device.

SUMMARY

A typical automatic dispensing device includes a sensor, such as amotion sensor, and a solenoid controlled based on a signal from thesensor to dispense a substance, such as a fluid.

In one independent embodiment, the invention provides a fluid dispensingdevice. The fluid dispensing device may generally include a housingdefining a passage having an outlet, a sensor operable to sense acondition and to send a signal based on the sensed condition, adispensing mechanism operable to dispense fluid through the passage andout of the outlet, a solenoid controlled, based on the signal from thesensor, to cause the dispensing mechanism to dispense fluid, and ahybrid battery disposed in the housing and operable to power thesolenoid.

In another independent embodiment, the invention provides a batterypackage for a fluid dispensing device. The dispensing device includes ahousing defining a passage having an outlet, fluid being dispensedthrough the passage and out of the outlet, and a powered component. Thebattery package may generally include a battery cell and a capacitoroperable to power the powered component. The battery cell and thecapacitor may be encapsulated as a unitary battery package, and theunitary battery package may be supportable in the housing.

In yet another independent embodiment, the invention provides a methodof manufacturing a fluid dispensing device. The method may generallyinclude providing a housing for the fluid dispensing device, the housingdefining a passage having an outlet, fluid being dispensed through thepassage and out of the outlet, encapsulating a battery cell and acapacitor as a unitary battery package, and supporting the unitarybattery package in the housing.

In a further independent embodiment, the invention provides a fluiddispensing device. The fluid dispensing device may include a housingdefining a passage having an inlet, an inlet chamber communicating withthe inlet, an outlet, an outlet chamber communicating with the outlet, apressure chamber in communication with the inlet chamber, a vent passagein selective communication between the pressure chamber and atmosphere,and an opening between the pressure chamber and the vent passage. Thefluid dispensing device may also include a sensor operable to sense acondition and to send a signal based on the sensed condition, and adispensing mechanism operable to dispense fluid through the passage andout of the outlet, the dispensing mechanism including a piston movablysupported in the passage between the inlet chamber and the outletchamber.

The fluid dispensing device may also include a solenoid controlled,based on the signal from the sensor, to cause the dispensing mechanismto dispense fluid, the solenoid being operable to selectively place thepressure chamber in communication with the vent passage to thereby causethe dispensing mechanism to dispense fluid. The solenoid may include anarmature movable between a first position, in which communicationbetween the pressure chamber and the vent passage is inhibited, and asecond position, in which communication between the pressure chamber andthe vent passage is allowed, the armature being movable between thefirst position and the second position. In the first position, a portionof the armature may close the opening. The fluid dispensing device mayalso include a power source operable to power the solenoid.

In still another independent embodiment, the invention provides a methodof manufacturing a hybrid battery for a fluid dispensing device, thehybrid battery having a battery cell and a capacitor. The method maygenerally include encapsulating the battery cell and the capacitor as aunitary battery package.

Other independent aspects of the invention will become apparent byconsideration of the detailed description, claims and accompanyingdrawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side view of a battery package.

FIG. 2 is a perspective exploded view of the battery package shown inFIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the battery package shown in FIG. 1 withthe top removed.

FIG. 4 is a perspective cutout view of a dispensing device, such as aflushometer, including the battery package shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the flushometer shown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the flushometer shown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 7 is a top view of the flushometer shown in FIG. 4.

FIGS. 8A-8I are cross sectional views of a portion of the flushometershown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 9 is a cutout view of another dispensing device, such as a faucet,including the battery package shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a faucet.

FIGS. 11-15 are perspective views of other dispensing devices, such as,for example, a soap or lotion dispenser, a commercial metered showersystem, an in-wall flushometer, an in-fixture urinal flushing system,and an in-tank touchless toilet flushing system, respectively, includingthe battery package shown in FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Before any independent embodiments of the invention are explained indetail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in itsapplication to the details of construction and the arrangement ofcomponents set forth in the following description or illustrated in thefollowing drawings. The invention is capable of other independentembodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in variousways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminologyused herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regardedas limiting. Use of “including” and “comprising” and variations thereofas used herein is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter andequivalents thereof as well as additional items. Use of “consisting of”and variations thereof as used herein is meant to encompass only theitems listed thereafter and equivalents thereof. Further, it is to beunderstood that such terms as “forward”, “rearward”, “left”, “right”,“upward” and “downward”, etc., are words of convenience and are not tobe construed as limiting terms.

FIGS. 1-3 illustrate a battery package 10 including a hybrid batteryhaving a battery cell 12 and a capacitor 14. The battery cell 12 mayinclude an alkaline battery, a lithium-based battery (e.g., alithium-ion battery), etc. The capacitor 14 may include a lithium-ioncapacitor, or other suitable types of capacitor. For example, the hybridbattery may include a 9 volt high purity lithium battery cell packagedwith a lithium-ion capacitor.

In the illustrated construction, the battery package 10 also includes acup 16 and resin 18. The hybrid battery (e.g., the battery cell 12 andthe capacitor 14) is encapsulated, for example, within the cup 16 whichis filled with the resin 18. The cup 16 may be formed of a polymer in avacuum forming process, a thermoforming process, thin wall injectionmolding, etc. The resin 18 may include polyurethane, epoxy, acrylic,silicone, UV curable materials, etc., which either completely harden orform a rubber-like consistency.

In the illustrated embodiment, the cup 16 is a thin-walled molded cupand the resin 18 includes epoxy. The resin 18 fills the cup 16 andincludes a top layer sealing off the top of the cup 16 that is thickenough to cover terminals 15, 17 and exposed wires or connections 19between the battery cell 12 and the capacitor 14. As illustrated in FIG.3, the wires 19 include a first portion encapsulated within the resin 18and a second portion (e.g., insulated wires) passing out of the resin 18for connection to powered components. In some embodiments, the batterypackage 10 also includes a cap (not shown) coupled to and sealed withthe top of the cup 16 (e.g., by the resin 18) for assisting in themounting or holding of the battery package 10 in the dispensing device20, which will be described in greater detail below.

The cup 16 and resin 18 encapsulate the battery cell 12 and thecapacitor 14 to, for example, protect the battery cell 12 and thecapacitor 14 from contamination (e.g., by fluid, water, othercontaminants, etc.). Encapsulating the battery cell 12 and the capacitor14 in the cup 16 and resin 18 may also minimize the overall packagesize, minimize the expense of potting material (e.g., the resin 18),and/or allow for full encapsulation of the battery cell 12. Depending onthe material used, for installation, the cup 16 may be retained orpeeled away from the resin 18.

FIGS. 4-81 illustrate a dispensing device 20 including the batterypackage 10. The illustrated dispensing device 20 is a flushometer. Inother constructions, the dispensing device 20 may include another typeof dispensing device, such as, for example, a faucet (see FIG. 9 andFIG. 10), a soap, lotion or other fluid dispenser (see FIG. 11), acommercial metered shower system (see FIG. 12), an in-wall flushometer(see FIG. 13), an in-fixture urinal flushing system (see FIG. 14), anin-tank touchless toilet flushing system (see FIG. 15), a paper towel(or other item/article) dispenser (not shown), etc.

The dispensing device 20 includes a housing 22, a sensor 24, a solenoid26 and a dispensing mechanism 28 (e.g., a flushing mechanism, a valve orother dispensing device) for dispensing a substance, material, item,article, etc. As illustrated in FIGS. 4-81, the battery package 10, thesensor 24, the solenoid 26 and the dispensing mechanism 28 are alldisposed within the housing 22 of the dispensing device 20. The sensor24 may be a touchless sensor such that the illustrated dispensing device20 is a touchless flushometer. The housing 22 may include a window 42for a portion of the sensor 24 that senses a condition external to thehousing 22, such as the presence of a user.

The battery package 10 powers the solenoid 26. Specifically, the batterycell 12 charges the capacitor 14, and the capacitor 14 powers thesolenoid 26 when activated by the sensor 24. The solenoid 26 isactivated in response to a signal from the sensor 24. For example, thesensor 24 may be a motion or light sensor, and the solenoid 26 isactivated when the sensor 24 signals a flushing condition, such as thepresence of a user followed by the non-presence of the user.

The battery package 10 may also power the sensor 24. For example, thebattery cell 12 may power the sensor 24. In other constructions (notshown), the sensor 24 may include its own separate power source.

The dispensing mechanism 28, e.g., a water flushing mechanism of theillustrated flushometer, is illustrated in FIGS. 8A-8I. The dispensingmechanism 28 may include a piston 30, a valve seat 48, a piston bleedhole 50 and, defined by the housing 22, an inlet chamber 32, a pressurechamber or pressure envelope 34, an atmospheric vent 36, and an outletchamber 38. In other embodiments, other dispensing mechanisms 28 may beemployed (e.g., a dispensing mechanism including a diaphragm and adiaphragm vent, etc.).

Arrows in FIGS. 8A-8I illustrate water flow in the dispensing mechanism20. With reference to FIGS. 8A-8B, the inlet chamber 32 is fluidlyconnected to a source of pressurized water (not shown; e.g., utilitywater), receiving the pressurized water through an inlet 46 (FIG. 8B).The piston 30 includes at least one bleed hole 50 (FIG. 8B) fluidlyconnecting the inlet chamber 32 to the pressure envelope 34, andpressurized water flows from the inlet chamber 32 to the pressureenvelope 34 through the bleed hole 50 in the piston 30. The pressureenvelope 34 is connected to an atmospheric vent 36, which vents to theoutlet chamber 38 and, thus, to atmosphere. The outlet chamber 38 feedswater into the flush (e.g., into a urinal) to flush the urinal (or otherfixture).

The solenoid 26 includes an armature 40 movable axially between a firstposition (e.g., a non-dispensing or non-flush position (see FIGS.8A-8C)), in which the solenoid 26 inhibits the dispensing device 20 fromdispensing, and a second position (e.g., a dispensing or flush position(see FIGS. 8D-8E)). The solenoid 26 is energized by the capacitor 14, atleast momentarily causing the armature 40 to move from the firstposition to the second position or from the second position to the firstposition. In the illustrated construction, the armature 40 latches ineach of the first and second positions after the charge from thecapacitor 14 ceases. Each time the solenoid 26 is energized, thearmature 40 moves from one position to the other (from the firstposition to the second position, and vice versa).

As illustrated in FIGS. 8A-8B, in the first position, the armature 40 isextended away from the body of the solenoid 26 and fluidly separates thepressure envelope 34 from the atmospheric vent 36 such that the pressureenvelope 34 cannot fluidly communicate with the atmospheric vent 36. Thearmature 40 includes an armature seal 52 for sealing off a vent openingor vent hole 54 (FIG. 8I) to the atmospheric vent 36.

FIG. 8C illustrates the dispensing device 20 in the non-dispensingposition. With the solenoid 26 de-energized and the armature 40 latchedin the first position, the armature seal 52 closes off the atmosphericvent 36, allowing the water pressure above the piston 30 in the pressureenvelope 34 to balance the inlet water pressure in the inlet chamber 32,which forces the piston 30 against the valve seat 48 shutting off thedispensing mechanism 28.

In the second position (see FIGS. 8D-8E), the solenoid 26, activated inresponse to a “flush” signal from the sensor 24, allows the dispensingdevice 20 to dispense. In the illustrated construction, the armature 40retracts toward the body of the solenoid 26 and opens the passagebetween the pressure envelope 34 and the atmospheric vent 36, fluidlyconnecting the pressure envelope 34 to the atmospheric vent 36. Thepressurized water vents from the pressure envelope 34 through theatmospheric vent 36 to the outlet chamber 38 and is dispensed orflushed. With the pressure envelope 34 depressurized (when the solenoid26 is in the second position), the piston 30, which is pressurized frombelow by water pressure in the inlet chamber 32, displaces axiallyupwardly (e.g., towards the solenoid 26 in the illustratedconstruction), initiating the flush to the urinal or other fixture.

As shown in FIG. 8D, when the solenoid 26 is momentarily energized fromthe first position, the armature 40 retracts, allowing water above thepiston 30 in the pressure envelope 34 to vent out, thereby reducing thewater pressure above the piston 30 in the pressure envelope 34. A magnetor other mechanism (not shown) holds the armature 30 in place (e.g., inthe latched position), eliminating the need to continuously power thesolenoid 26.

As shown in FIG. 8E, the pressure differential between the sides and topof the piston 30 forces the piston 30 up, allowing a primary flow ofwater to flow through the dispensing mechanism 28 between the piston 30and valve seat 48. In addition to the primary flow through thedispensing mechanism 28, a small trickle flow continues through thepiston bleed hole 50, to the pressure envelope 34 and out theatmospheric vent 36 and joins with the primary flow.

As shown in FIG. 8F, after a predetermined time period (or after a “stopflush” condition is sensed by the sensor 24), the solenoid 26 ismomentarily powered in a reverse polarity, freeing the armature 40 fromthe “latch” (e.g., the magnetic hold) and allowing it to return to thefirst position (see FIGS. 8A-8C) thereby resealing the atmospheric vent36. Even though the vent 36 is closed, water continues to tricklethrough the piston bleed hole 50, allowing the pressure envelope 34 tore-pressurize.

As shown in FIG. 8G, as the pressure in the pressure envelope 34 builds,the piston 30 moves back down, sealing against the valve seat 48 toterminate the flush. Movement of the piston 30 can be controlled bysizing the bleed hole 50 and determining the mass of the piston 30. Asshown in FIG. 8H, when the piston 30 reseats, the pressure in thepressure envelope 34 equalizes with the inlet pressure in the inletchamber 32.

As shown in FIG. 81, the speed at which the piston 30 jumps up at thestart of the flush determines power at which the flush initiates. Thesize of the vent hole 54 drives piston speed by controlling the rate atwhich the pressure envelope 34 above the piston 30 evacuates. A largervent hole 54 equates to a faster piston 30. However, a larger vent hole54 may require a stronger solenoid 26 to overcome internal pressure(pressure=force/area). The force a solenoid can produce is a function ofthe start position of the armature 40 relative to the overall stroke. Bybalancing the diameter of the vent hole 54 and the retraction distance(stroke) of the armature 40 against the solenoid power, a diaphragmhaving a diaphragm vent can be eliminated, which may simplify theassembly, reduce material failures, etc. The illustrated dispensingmechanism 28 may also quickly purge entrapped air for consistent flushvolume.

In an alternative embodiment (not shown), the solenoid uses a diaphragmto amplify the speed of the system. In such an embodiment, the armatureretracts from a diaphragm vent, or diaphragm bleed hole. The smallervolume of water above the diaphragm is quickly vented, allowing thediaphragm to retract, exposing a larger portion (e.g., a larger diameterportion) of the diaphragm vent such that the larger volume of waterabove the piston can evacuate quickly.

In another alternative embodiment (not shown), a larger diaphragm may beused in place of the piston with a bleed hole to communicate between theinlet chamber 32 and the pressure envelope 34. The pressure envelope 34could communicate with a diaphragm vent either by direct solenoidcontrol or by way of a smaller diaphragm/solenoid combination.

FIG. 9 illustrates another dispensing device 20′, such as a faucet,including the battery package 10. The dispensing device 20′ is similarto the dispensing device 20, described above and illustrated in FIGS.4-8, and common elements are identified by the same reference number“‘”.

The dispensing device 20′ includes a housing 22′, a sensor 24′, asolenoid 26′ and a dispensing mechanism 28′ for dispensing water. Asillustrated in FIG. 9, the battery package 10, the sensor 24′, thesolenoid 26′ and the dispensing mechanism 28′ are all disposed withinthe housing 22′ of the dispensing device 20′. The sensor 24′ may be atouchless sensor such that the illustrated dispensing device 20′ is atouchless faucet. The housing 22′ may include a window 42′ for a portionof the sensor 24′ that senses a condition external to the housing 22′,such as the presence of a user.

The battery package 10 powers the solenoid 26′, as described above withrespect to FIGS. 8A-8I. In the construction illustrated in FIG. 9, thedispensing mechanism 28′ is a water dispensing mechanism for a faucet.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1-15, the invention may generally provide, amongother things, a dispensing device having a compact and contaminantresistant battery package disposed within the housing of the dispensingdevice to power the dispensing mechanism. Thus, the need for a separateand remote battery, external from the housing of the dispensing device,may be eliminated.

What is claimed is:
 1. A fluid dispensing device comprising: a housingdefining a passage having an outlet; a sensor operable to sense acondition and to send a signal based on the sensed condition; adispensing mechanism operable to dispense fluid through the passage andout of the outlet; a solenoid controlled, based on the signal from thesensor, to cause the dispensing mechanism to dispense fluid; and ahybrid battery disposed in the housing and operable to power thesolenoid.
 2. The dispensing device of claim 1, wherein the hybridbattery includes a battery cell and a capacitor.
 3. The dispensingdevice of claim 2, wherein the hybrid battery further includes resinencapsulating the battery cell and the capacitor.
 4. The dispensingdevice of claim 3, wherein the hybrid battery further includes apolymeric cup, the battery cell and the capacitor being encapsulated inthe cup.
 5. The dispensing device of claim 2, wherein the hybrid batteryfurther includes a polymeric cup, the battery cell and the capacitorbeing encapsulated in the cup.
 6. The dispensing device of claim 1,wherein the sensor is operable to sense a presence of a user.
 7. Thedispensing device of claim 6, wherein the sensor includes a touchlesssensor.
 8. The dispensing device of claim 1, wherein the housing furtherdefines an inlet, fluid being dispensed through the inlet into thepassage, through the passage and out of the outlet.
 9. The dispensingdevice of claim 8, wherein the housing defines an inlet chambercommunicating with the inlet, an outlet chamber communicating with theoutlet, a pressure chamber in communication with the inlet chamber, anda vent passage in selective communication between the pressure chamberand atmosphere, wherein the dispensing mechanism includes a pistonmovably supported in the passage between the inlet chamber and theoutlet chamber, and wherein the solenoid is operable to selectivelyplace the pressure chamber in communication with the vent passage tothereby cause the dispensing mechanism to dispense fluid.
 10. Thedispensing device of claim 9, wherein the solenoid has a firstcondition, in which the pressure chamber is not in communication withthe vent passage, and a second condition, in which the pressure chamberis in communication with the vent passage, the solenoid being operablebetween the first condition and the second condition.
 11. The dispensingdevice of claim 10, wherein the solenoid includes an armature movablebetween a first position, in which communication between the pressurechamber and the vent passage is inhibited, and a second position, inwhich communication between the pressure chamber and the vent passage isallowed, the armature being movable between the first position and thesecond position.
 12. The dispensing device of claim 11, wherein thehousing defines an opening between the pressure chamber and the ventpassage, and wherein, in the first position, a portion of the armaturecloses the opening.
 13. The dispensing device of claim 11, wherein thearmature is latched when in the first position, the armature beingmovable from the first position to the second position when energized bythe hybrid battery.
 14. The dispensing device of claim 13, wherein thearmature is latched when in the second position, the armature beingmovable from the second position to the first position when momentarilyenergized by the hybrid battery.
 15. The dispensing device of claim 1,wherein the dispensing mechanism includes a flushometer for a bathroomfixture.
 16. The dispensing device of claim 1, wherein the sensor isdisposed in the housing.
 17. The dispensing device of claim 1, whereinthe solenoid is disposed in the housing.
 18. The dispensing device ofclaim 1, wherein the hybrid battery is operable to power the sensor. 19.A battery package for a fluid dispensing device, the dispensing deviceincluding a housing defining a passage having an outlet, fluid beingdispensed through the passage and out of the outlet, the dispensingdevice also including a powered component, the battery packagecomprising: a battery cell; and a capacitor operable to power thepowered component, the battery cell and the capacitor being encapsulatedas a unitary battery package, the unitary battery package beingsupportable in the housing.
 20. The battery package of claim 19, furthercomprising resin, the battery cell and the capacitor being encapsulatedin the resin.
 21. The battery package of claim 20, further comprising apolymeric cup, the battery cell and the capacitor being encapsulated inthe cup.
 22. The battery package of claim 19, further comprising apolymeric cup, the battery cell and the capacitor being encapsulated inthe cup.
 23. A method of manufacturing a fluid dispensing device, themethod comprising: providing a housing for the fluid dispensing device,the housing defining a passage having an outlet, fluid being dispensedthrough the passage and out of the outlet; encapsulating a battery celland a capacitor as a unitary battery package; and supporting the unitarybattery package in the housing.
 24. The method of claim 23, whereinencapsulating includes encapsulating the battery cell and the capacitorin resin.
 25. The method of claim 23, wherein the hybrid battery furtherincludes a cup, and wherein encapsulating includes vacuum forming thecup to fit around the battery cell and the capacitor.
 26. The method ofclaim 23, wherein at least one of the battery cell and the capacitorfurther includes a terminal, the method further comprising encapsulatingthe terminal within the unitary battery package.
 27. The method of claim26, wherein the hybrid battery further includes a wire, the methodfurther comprising encapsulating a first portion of the wire within theunitary battery package, and exposing a second portion of the wireoutside of the unitary battery package for connection to powereddevices.
 28. The method of claim 23, wherein the hybrid battery furtherincludes a wire, the method further comprising encapsulating a firstportion of the wire within the unitary battery package, and exposing asecond portion of the wire outside of the unitary battery package forconnection to powered devices.
 26. A fluid dispensing device comprising:a housing defining a passage having an inlet, an inlet chambercommunicating with the inlet, an outlet, an outlet chamber communicatingwith the outlet, a pressure chamber in communication with the inletchamber, a vent passage in selective communication between the pressurechamber and atmosphere, and an opening between the pressure chamber andthe vent passage; a sensor operable to sense a condition and to send asignal based on the sensed condition; a dispensing mechanism operable todispense fluid through the passage and out of the outlet, the dispensingmechanism including a piston movably supported in the passage betweenthe inlet chamber and the outlet chamber; a solenoid controlled, basedon the signal from the sensor, to cause the dispensing mechanism todispense fluid, the solenoid being operable to selectively place thepressure chamber in communication with the vent passage to thereby causethe dispensing mechanism to dispense fluid, the solenoid including anarmature movable between a first position, in which communicationbetween the pressure chamber and the vent passage is inhibited, and asecond position, in which communication between the pressure chamber andthe vent passage is allowed, the armature being movable between thefirst position and the second position, in the first position, a portionof the armature closes the opening; and a power source operable to powerthe solenoid.
 27. The dispensing device of claim 26, wherein powersource includes a hybrid battery.
 28. The dispensing device of claim 27,wherein the hybrid battery includes a battery cell and a capacitor. 29.The dispensing device of claim 28, wherein the hybrid battery issupported in the housing.
 30. The dispensing device of claim 26, whereinthe sensor includes a touchless sensor.
 31. The dispensing device ofclaim 26, wherein the armature is latched when in the first position,the armature being movable from the first position to the secondposition when energized by the hybrid battery.
 32. The dispensing deviceof claim 31, wherein the armature is latched when in the secondposition, the armature being movable from the second position to thefirst position when momentarily energized by the hybrid battery.
 33. Thedispensing device of claim 26, wherein the dispensing mechanism includesa flushometer for a bathroom fixture.